sonata-rondo form
A hybrid form combining elements of the rondo and sonata form, typically used for Classical-era finales
In Depth
Sonata-rondo form follows the pattern A-B-A-C-A-B-A, where A is the rondo refrain, B is a secondary theme that returns in the tonic (as in a sonata recapitulation), and C is a development or contrasting episode. The form gives composers the energy and return of a rondo with the tonal drama of sonata form. Mozart and Beethoven used it for many of their concerto and symphony finales, where it provides a satisfying balance of familiarity and development.
Beethoven's Pathétique Sonata finale is a textbook sonata-rondo, combining the recurring C minor theme with developmental passages of great intensity.