cantata

A cantata is a vocal work with instrumental accompaniment, typically consisting of several movements including arias, recitatives, and choruses. The form originated in early 17th-century Italy and became one of the most important genres of the Baroque era. J.S. Bach wrote over 200 church cantatas, composing roughly one per week during his years in Leipzig. These works were designed for specific Sundays in the church calendar. Secular cantatas also flourished, with composers like Handel and Telemann writing cantatas for court entertainment and private gatherings.